CONTENTSAcknowledgmentsIntroductionChapter I.Kupambana: Uhuru na Kutungamana Poetry in Kiswahili: Struggles for Freedom and Solidarity“The Language of Struggle”I.Poems as Ideological Texts: Envisioning Kiswahili Speaking Communities/NationII.Establishing Codes, Exploring Stances, Negotiating StrategiesIII.“Regenerative Reconnection” in Literary CompositionConclusionChapter II.Kujibizana: Ujamaa kwa Vitendo / Dialogue Poetry in Kiswahili and Ujamaa PraxisPrefaces to the DialogueI.Terms of Address Praxis: Balance of Responsibility for Text Production and InterchangeII.Establishing Shared CommitmentsIII.Establishing an Intellectual ExchangeIV. A.Dismantling an Argument and Establishing a Commitment to SymbolismIV. B.Constructing an Alternative NarrativeIV. C.Constructing an Alternative Identity and Alternative “Tradition”V. A.Refiguring PraxisV. B.Toward a Revitalized PraxisConclusionAppendixChapter III.Kazi za Kutunga, Kuhariri, Kutafsiri, na Kusoma / The Significance of Poetic Practice in Kiswahili to the Translation and Interpretation of Early Twentieth-Century Political PoetryOverview of Contexts of ProductionI.Tenzi as NarrativesII.Tenzi as TestimonyII. A.Definition of AudienceII. B. i.Disruption of Narrative: Internal DialogueII. B. ii.Restructuring MetaphorsII. B. iii.Restructuring by Manipulation of Genre ConventionsIII. A.Texts as WitnessesIII. B.Tenzi as Coerced SpeechIII. B. i.Neocolonial Marginalizing of Texts: Example OneIII. B. ii.Neocolonial Marginalizing of Texts: Example TwoIII. C.Denial of the Language of PoetryConclusionChapter IV.Kuswahilika, Mfano Mmoja / Poetic Parodies of Missionary Discourse and the Conversion of a Missionary to Kiswahili DialogueMissionary Discourse from the East African CoastAnswers to the HymnsAnswer Poems as ParodiesComposers and CollaboratorsThe Answer PoemsChapter V.Utendi na Utumbuizo / Women's Poetry as Scheme, Trope, and TextsA.IntroductionI.Ideological Production and Reproduction under Colonial RuleII.Poetic Intertexts: Elaboration, Parody, and SubversionIII.Ideological Production under Colonial RuleConclusionUtumbuizo wa Fatma binti Athumani and TranslationBibliographyIndex
